| Comprehensive, interdependent approach |
Comprehensive, interdependent phenomena |
| Interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary |
Multifaceted and multidimensional |
| Quantitative and qualitative |
Quantitative and qualitative |
| Connects and integrates other disciplines and sub-disciplines |
Highlights the interrelationship and influence of various issues and aspects of society (locally, nationally and globally) |
| Engages with issues related to economic, financial, political, legal, social, cultural, technological, transportation and movement (people, services, goods, etc.) |
Relates to issues including economic, financial, political, legal, social, cultural, technological, transportation and movement (people, services, goods, etc.) |
| Incorporates and examines various stakeholders, including individuals, nation-states, governments, global and local businesses, multinational corporations and enterprises, non-governmental and intergovernmental organizations, institutions |
Engages and impacts various stakeholders, including individuals, nation-states, governments, global and local businesses, multinational corporations and enterprises, non-governmental and intergovernmental organizations, institutions |
| Examines big questions, wicked problems and long-term challenges |
Presents big questions, wicked problems and long-term challenges |