Examples	Impact of travel barriers (time to travel, costs of travel)
Goods with services requirements	Industrial engineering Engines for aircraft, ships, or trains	Barriers to provision of supplementary/tied services may reduce goods exports.
Most other goods	Food products Consumer durables Standardized intermediate goods	Little effect on existing trade relations Barriers to sales representatives travelling likely to inhibit development of new export relations.
Services, Mode 1 (cross border supply)	Digital services	Substitution of travel-dependent services likely to increase digital services, e.g., in education or consultancy.
Services, Mode 2 (consumption abroad)	Tourism Education	Barriers to clients reaching service providers likely to reduce tourism and international students.
Services, Mode 3 (intra-firm exchanges)	Banks, insurance, financial and business professional services	Reduced movement of people likely to change headquarters/subsidiaries relationships, possibility towards more autonomy, but with ambiguous effect on volume of services provided.
Services, Mode 4 (presence of a natural person)	Consultants Construction	Barriers to service providers reaching clients likely to reduce service exports.